A prognostic nomogram that includes MPV in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Mean platelet volume (MPV), as a marker of platelet activity, has been shown to be an efficient prognostic biomarker in several types of cancer. Using MPV, this study aimed to create and validate a prognostic nomogram to the overall survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients.

The nomogram was constructed and tested using data from a retrospective study of 1893 patients who were randomly assigned to the training and testing cohorts with a 7:3 randomization. In order to screen out the optimal predictors for overall survival (OS), we conducted the LASSO-cox regression, univariate, and multivariate cox regression analyses. Subsequently, the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was validated in both the training and the testing cohorts. Finally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to confirm clinical validity.

Age, MPV, nerve invasion, T stage, and N stage were found as independent prognostic variables for OS and were further developed into a nomogram. The nomogram's prediction accuracy for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS was 0.736, 0.749, 0.774, and 0.724, 0.719, 0.704 in the training and testing cohorts, respectively. Furthermore, DCA results indicated that nomograms outperformed the AJCC 8th and conventional T, N staging systems in both the training and testing cohorts.

The nomogram, in conjunction with MPV and standard clinicopathological markers, could improve the accuracy of prediction of OS in ESCC patients.