The Evolving Role of Intra-arterial Chemotherapy in Adult and Pediatric Cancers: A Comprehensive Review

The development of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) was driven by an ambition to mitigate systemic side effects, enhance the bioavailability of drugs, and optimize the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. While the initial research on IAC primarily examined its effectiveness in treating various liver malignancies, the application of this treatment has undergone significant advancements since its introduction. The primary objective of this article is to examine the current range of utilization of IAC, both with and without radiotherapy, while also evaluating the results of relevant clinical trials. Furthermore, this article explores potential future advancements and opportunities in this field. From the scoping review of available articles, it can be concluded that IAC is an effective treatment alternative and, sometimes, a better first-line option, but there is a need for more evidence to make IAC a regular treatment option available for patients.