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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

37
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

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Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
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Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

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Engineered bacteria launch and control an oncolytic virus.

Zakary S Singer, Jonathan Pabón, Hsinyen Huang

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |October 9, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Engineered bacteria deliver viral RNA to tumors, initiating potent oncolytic infections. This microbial consortium strategy overcomes antibodies and allows bacterial control over viral maturation for enhanced cancer therapy.

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    Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses
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    Area of Science:

    • Microbial therapeutics
    • Synthetic biology
    • Oncolytic virotherapy

    Background:

    • Bacteria and viruses can selectively replicate in tumors, inspiring novel microbial therapies.
    • Engineering microbes for therapeutic delivery is an emerging field in cancer treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • This work extends bacterially delivered therapeutics to viral genomes, creating a novel oncolytic viral therapy.
    • A consortium of microbes can cooperate to achieve a therapeutic aim, enhancing treatment efficacy and control.
    • This strategy offers a new paradigm for engineering combined microbial therapies for cancer treatment.