Biomaterials combined with ADSCs for bone tissue engineering: current advances and applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Stem Cell Biology
• Regenerative Medicine
• Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

• Bone tissue engineering utilizes scaffolds, seed cells, and bioactive molecules for bone defect treatment.
• Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are increasingly preferred over bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells due to accessibility and differentiation potential.
• A lack of systematic guidance exists for selecting biomaterials to optimize ADSC behavior in bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the regulatory effects of various biomaterials on ADSC behavior.
• To assess the impact of biomaterials on ADSC biocompatibility, inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis.
• To evaluate the influence of bioactive molecules (BMs) on ADSC-mediated bone repair and clinical applications.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of literature on biomaterials and ADSCs in bone tissue engineering.
• Analysis of ADSC responses (biocompatibility, inflammation, angiogenesis, osteogenesis) to different biomaterials.
• Evaluation of the combined effects of biomaterials and bioactive molecules on bone repair.
• Generalization of clinical case reports and experimental data.

Main Results:

• Biomaterials significantly influence ADSC behavior, impacting key aspects of bone regeneration.
• The combination of specific biomaterials and bioactive molecules can enhance ADSC-driven bone repair.
• Clinical data suggests potential for ADSC-based bone tissue engineering strategies.

Conclusions:

• Understanding biomaterial-ADSC interactions is crucial for effective bone defect treatment.
• This review provides evidence for selecting optimal biomaterials and bioactive molecules for ADSC-based therapies.
• Further research and clinical translation are supported by the summarized findings.