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Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Challenging Case
Awatif El Hakkouni1, Sara Harrar1, Abdelhamid Hachimi2
1Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, MAR.
Cureus
|October 9, 2023
Summary
This case report details a fatal rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis infection in a patient with undiagnosed diabetes. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for this aggressive fungal infection.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Diabetology
Background:
- Mucormycosis is a rare, aggressive fungal infection caused by Mucorales, often fatal.
- Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis typically affects individuals with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
Observation:
- A 41-year-old male with undiagnosed diabetes presented with facial necrosis and diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Imaging revealed pansinusitis, craniofacial edema, proptosis, an early abscess, and internal carotid artery occlusion.
- Histopathology and cultures confirmed Rhizomucor sp. infection.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.
- Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B was initiated.
Implications:
- This case highlights the critical need for early recognition and management of mucormycosis in diabetic patients.
- Delayed diagnosis and treatment, even with antifungal therapy, can lead to severe complications and mortality.
- Prompt surgical intervention, when feasible, is essential for improving outcomes in rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis.
