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Transcriptomic variations associated with salinity stress in Penaeus indicus.

Karthic Krishnan1, Sudheesh K Prabhudas1, Kumaravel Jayaraman1

  • 1ICAR - Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, 600028, Tamil Nadu, India.

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|October 9, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Indian white shrimp (Penaeus indicus) adapt to low salinity by altering gene expression, particularly in lipid and amino acid metabolism. This study reveals key molecular mechanisms for osmoregulation in shrimp aquaculture.

Keywords:
AdaptationOsmoregulationPenaeus indicusSalinity stressShrimp transcriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Aquaculture science
  • Marine biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The Indian white shrimp (Penaeus indicus) is a vital brackishwater aquaculture species native to India.
  • Shrimps are euryhaline and regulate osmotic concentrations, but salinity fluctuations cause stress, impacting growth and immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adaptive transcriptomic response of Penaeus indicus to low salinity stress.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying osmoregulation in shrimp.

Main Methods:

  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to compare transcriptomic profiles under low salinity for up to three weeks.
  • De novo assembly using Trinity generated a comprehensive transcript dataset.
  • Differential gene expression analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment identified key biological processes.

Main Results:

  • A total of 173,582 transcripts were assembled, with significant numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified at 7, 14, and 21 days of stress.
  • KEGG pathway analysis revealed enrichment in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, and signaling pathways.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) validated gene expression levels for selected osmoregulatory and immune response genes.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides insights into the adaptive transcriptomic mechanisms of Penaeus indicus in response to low salinity.
  • Understanding these molecular pathways is crucial for improving shrimp aquaculture practices and resilience to environmental changes.