Molecular Profiling and Targeted Therapies in Gliomas
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Updated: Jul 14, 2025
Evaluation of Biomarkers in Glioma by Immunohistochemistry on Paraffin-Embedded 3D Glioma Neurosphere Cultures
Published on: January 9, 2019
Yuli Felistia1, Patrick Y Wen2
1Neuro-Oncology Division, National Brain Center Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Purpose Of Review:
Molecular profiling enables the evaluation of genetic alterations for the diagnosis and classification of gliomas and the selection of appropriate therapies. This review summarizes the current role of molecular profiling and targeted therapies for gliomas.
Recent Findings:
Molecular profiling is an integral part of the 2021 WHO classification of gliomas. Progress in the development of targeted therapies remains limited due to many factors including the presence of the blood-brain barrier and issues of tumor heterogeneity. Nonetheless, advances have been made with the IDH1/2 inhibitor vorasidenib for IDH-mutant grade 2 gliomas, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib for BRAFV600E mutated gliomas, and the therapies for subsets of patients with fusions and H3K27M-altered diffuse midline gliomas. While there has been progress in the use of molecular profiling for the classification and treatment of gliomas, much work remains for targeted therapies to realize their potential.
Insights
Molecular profiling aids glioma diagnosis and treatment selection. While targeted therapies show promise, challenges like the blood-brain barrier and tumor heterogeneity persist, requiring further research.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Genetics
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Molecular profiling is crucial for glioma diagnosis, classification, and therapy selection.
- The 2021 WHO classification integrates molecular data for gliomas.
- Targeted therapy development for gliomas faces challenges like the blood-brain barrier and tumor heterogeneity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current applications of molecular profiling in glioma management.
- To summarize the progress and limitations of targeted therapies for gliomas.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on molecular profiling and targeted therapies for gliomas.
- Analysis of recent advancements and challenges in the field.
Main Results:
- Molecular profiling is integral to the 2021 WHO glioma classification.
- Advances include IDH1/2 inhibitors (vorasidenib), BRAFV600E inhibitors (dabrafenib/trametinib), and therapies for specific fusions and H3K27M alterations.
- Significant challenges remain in developing effective targeted therapies.
Conclusions:
- Molecular profiling has advanced glioma classification and treatment selection.
- Further research is needed to overcome challenges and fully realize the potential of targeted therapies for gliomas.
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