Single-Atom-Based Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Progress and...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Catalysis

Background:

• Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are advanced materials for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
• They offer high atom efficiency but face challenges with long-term operational stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in SACs for ORR catalytic activity.
• To summarize degradation mechanisms and strategies for improving SAC durability.
• To identify future challenges and opportunities for stable SAC development.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent progress in SACs for ORR.
• Analysis of degradation pathways of SACs under ORR conditions.
• Synthesis of strategies to enhance the stability of SACs.

Main Results:

• SACs exhibit promising ORR activity but require improved stability.
• Understanding degradation mechanisms is crucial for developing durable catalysts.
• Various strategies can enhance the long-term performance of SACs.

Conclusions:

• Optimizing SACs for ORR requires addressing stability issues.
• Further research is needed to develop robust and long-lasting single-atom electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications.