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Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis
Published on: July 1, 2017
An overview of current knowledge on organophosphate di-esters in environment: Analytical methods, sources,
Chan Liang1, Meng-Xiao Zeng1, Xian-Zheng Yuan2
1Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
Abstract:
Organophosphate di-esters (di-OPEs) are highly related to tri-OPEs. The presence of di-OPEs in the environment has gained global concerns, as some di-OPEs are more toxic than their respective tri-OPE compounds. In this study, current knowledge on the analytical methods, sources, environmental occurrence, and behavior of di-OPEs were symmetrically reviewed by compiling data published till March 2023. The determination of di-OPEs in environmental samples was exclusively achieved with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry operated in negative mode. There are several sources of di-OPEs, including industrial production, biotic and abiotic degradation from tri-OPEs under environmental conditions. A total of 14 di-OPE compounds were determined in various environments, including dust, sediment, sludge, water, and atmosphere. The widespread occurrence of di-OPEs suggested that human and ecology are generally exposed to di-OPEs. Among all environmental matrixes, more data were recorded for dust, with the highest concentration of di-OPEs up to 32,300 ng g-1. Sorption behavior, phase distribution, gas-particle partitioning behavior was investigated for certain di-OPEs. Suggestions on future studies in the perspective of human exposure to and environmental behavior of di-OPEs were proposed.
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