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COVID-19 incidence and outcomes among patients with kidney replacement therapy

Siribha Changsirikulchai1, Pornpen Sangthawan2, Jirayut Janma1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, Thailand.

Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
|October 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patients on hemodialysis (HD) had higher COVID-19 infection rates. Vaccination significantly reduced fatality in kidney patients, underscoring the need for broader vaccine uptake.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Investigated COVID-19 outcomes in kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and kidney transplantation (KT).
  • Focused on patients reimbursed by the National Health Security Office (NHSO).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and fatality rates of COVID-19 among HD, PD, and KT patients.
  • To identify factors associated with COVID-19 outcomes, including vaccination status and comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort analysis of an electronic-claimed database (January 2020 - December 2021).
  • Evaluated 85,305 patients for COVID-19 infection, vaccination status, comorbidities, fatalities, and treatment costs.
  • Assessed associations between patient characteristics, vaccination, and fatality.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 infection incidence was 4.9% in HD, 3.4% in PD, and 3.3% in KT patients.
  • Vaccination rates were highest in KT (76.93%), followed by HD (70.65%) and PD (51.34%).
  • Fatality rates were lower in KT (8.42%) compared to PD (18.41%) and HD (21.40%). Vaccination significantly reduced fatality (OR 0.3 for two doses).

Conclusions:

  • Hemodialysis patients exhibited a higher incidence of COVID-19 infection compared to PD and KT patients.
  • COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for reducing fatality in kidney disease patients.
  • Encouraging vaccination aligns with national health policy to protect vulnerable populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19DialysisKidney transplantationPeritoneal dialysisRenal dialysisRenal replacement therapy

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