Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis00:59

Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis

78
Noncompartmental analyses offer an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without relying on a specific compartmental model. In this approach, the drug's pharmacokinetics are assumed to be linear, with the terminal phase log-linear. This assumption allows for simplified analysis and interpretation of the drug's behavior in the body.
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This...
78
Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data01:12

Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data

268
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
268
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

311
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
311
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

112
Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...
112
Drug Distribution as One-Compartment Model and Elimination by Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:25

Drug Distribution as One-Compartment Model and Elimination by Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview

75
Drug administration can occur through various routes, each of which may result in a different process of elimination. This process is often mixed with nonlinear and linear processes. It's important to understand that a single drug can be metabolized into different metabolites through parallel processes.
For instance, consider the metabolism of sodium salicylate. This compound is metabolized into two distinct substances: a glucuronide and a glycine conjugate. The rate of conjugation depends...
75
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

79
Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
79

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Qualitative Assessment of an Electronic Health Record-Embedded Intervention to Increase In-Hospital Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Initiation.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026
Same author

Retrospective cohort study of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-associated enhanced disease in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, 2021-23.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics·2026
Same author

Hepatitis B Vaccine Series Completion by 18 Months in Infants Without a Birth Dose.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Burden of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with medications for treatment of opioid use disorder: A matched cohort study from 4 US health systems, 2012-2021.

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment·2026
Same author

Identifying COVID-19 Disease Severity in Real-World Data: Implications for Medical Product Effectiveness Studies.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same author

Comparative Effectiveness of Rituximab Dosed Every 6 and 12 Months in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.

Neurology·2026
Same journal

A Drug-Environment Interaction Between PM<sub>2</sub> <sub>.5</sub> Concentration and Corticosteroid Use on Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events in Older Adults.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same journal

Association Between Socioeconomic Conditions and Biologic Prescriptions for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Brazilian Public Healthcare System: An Ecological Study.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same journal

Effectiveness of Metformin in Preventing Colorectal Cancer Among Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same journal

Trends in Pharmacist-Prescribed Dispensing Records of HIV Pre-Exposure (2020-2025) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (2020-2024) in Brazil: A Time Series Analysis.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same journal

French Consumption of Methylphenidate in Primary Care From 2016 to 2023, Impact of Prescribing Policy Changes-A Time-Series Analysis.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
Same journal

Uptake and Use of Biologic Therapies in Paediatric Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: An Australian Population-Based Study.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

9.7K

An individual segmented trajectory approach for identifying opioid use patterns using longitudinal dispensing data.

Stanley Xu1,2, Komal J Narwaney3, Anh P Nguyen3

  • 1Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA.

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
|October 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method to identify 13 distinct opioid use patterns from dispensing data. These patterns can help researchers understand the link between opioid use and drug overdose risk.

Keywords:
coefficient of variationdose reductionindividual segmented trajectorylong-term opioid therapyopioid prescriptionoverdose

More Related Videos

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

13.6K
Combining Laser Capture Microdissection and Microfluidic qPCR to Analyze Transcriptional Profiles of Single Cells: A Systems Biology Approach to Opioid Dependence
09:54

Combining Laser Capture Microdissection and Microfluidic qPCR to Analyze Transcriptional Profiles of Single Cells: A Systems Biology Approach to Opioid Dependence

Published on: March 8, 2020

5.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2025

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

9.7K
Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

13.6K
Combining Laser Capture Microdissection and Microfluidic qPCR to Analyze Transcriptional Profiles of Single Cells: A Systems Biology Approach to Opioid Dependence
09:54

Combining Laser Capture Microdissection and Microfluidic qPCR to Analyze Transcriptional Profiles of Single Cells: A Systems Biology Approach to Opioid Dependence

Published on: March 8, 2020

5.3K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Toxicology
  • Data Science and Analytics
  • Public Health and Epidemiology

Background:

  • Opioid use disorder poses a significant public health challenge.
  • Understanding individual opioid use trajectories is crucial for risk assessment.
  • Electronic health records offer rich data for analyzing medication use patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an individual segmented trajectory approach for identifying opioid use patterns.
  • To utilize electronic opioid dispensing data for pattern recognition.
  • To enable examination of the association between identified opioid use patterns and drug overdose.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) members (≥18 years) across three US healthcare systems (2006-2019).
  • Development of an individual segmented trajectory analysis using longitudinal dispensing data.
  • Identification of patterns based on variability (coefficient of variation) and trends (milligram morphine equivalents).

Main Results:

  • Analysis of 31,865 LTOT members with 152,557 person-years of follow-up.
  • Identification of 13 distinct opioid use patterns, including "stable" (42.1%) and "increasing" (13.8%) patterns.
  • Quantification of various dose reduction patterns, ranging from ≤10% to >30%.

Conclusions:

  • A novel approach successfully identified 13 distinct opioid use patterns from individual longitudinal dispensing data.
  • These identified patterns provide a basis for examining overdose risk during specific periods of opioid use.
  • The method offers a granular understanding of opioid use dynamics for public health research.