Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...

Fixed Action Patterns

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.

Associative Learning

Associative Learning

Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

ACAT3 controls hepatic cholesterol metabolism and modulates systemic energy homeostasis of male mice.

Life sciences·2026

Same author

A method for visual psychophysics based on the navigational behavior of desert ants (Melophorus bagoti).

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026

Same author

Nocturnal ants navigate using a time-compensated lunar compass.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same author

Asymmetric dimethylguanidino valeric acid as an independently associated risk factor for early hypertriglyceridemia and dyslipidemia.

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society·2026

Same author

Wheat Bran Arabinoxylan Potentiates Hepatoprotective Efficacy of Postbiotic <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i> in Colitis Mice via a Gut-Liver Axis.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2026

Same author

PRMT3-mediated post-translational adaptation to fasting regulates metabolic flexibility.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

An adaptable, self-organizing, single-cell morphology circuit optimizes suctorian predatory trap structure.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same journal

Temporal tuning of switch-like virulence expression resolves environmental uncertainty through phenotypic heterogeneity.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same journal

An abstract relational map emerges in the human medial prefrontal cortex with consolidation.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same journal

Phloem evolved gradually and asynchronously to xylem in early vascular plants.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same journal

Tracing the origins of crmA megasynthase through lichen genomes.

Current biology : CB·2026

Same journal

Planar cell polarity-directed cell crawling drives polarized epithelial morphogenesis.

Current biology : CB·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Published on: July 12, 2021

Associative learning: Box jellyfish learns to avoid bumps.

¹School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.

Current Biology : CB

|October 10, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Box jellyfish demonstrate learning abilities. These box jellyfish (Tripedalia cystophora) learned to avoid obstacles using visual cues, a significant finding for Cnidaria research.

More Related Videos

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish

Published on: February 10, 2021

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Published on: July 12, 2021

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish

Activity of Posterior Lateral Line Afferent Neurons during Swimming in Zebrafish

Published on: February 10, 2021

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

Area of Science:

Marine Biology
Animal Behavior
Neuroscience

Background:

Operant conditioning, a form of associative learning, has not been conclusively proven in Cnidaria.
Cnidaria, including jellyfish, possess simple nervous systems, making their learning capabilities a subject of scientific interest.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the capacity for operant conditioning in the box jellyfish, Tripedalia cystophora.
To determine if visual cues can be used by box jellyfish to modify their behavior and avoid negative stimuli.

Main Methods:

The study exposed box jellyfish to a T-shaped maze with a visual cue.
Jellyfish were trained to associate the visual cue with an impending obstacle and learn to turn away from it.

Main Results:

Box jellyfish successfully learned to avoid bumping into an obstacle when presented with a visual cue.
The jellyfish demonstrated a significant reduction in obstacle collisions after training, indicating learned avoidance behavior.

Conclusions:

This study provides the first convincing evidence of operant conditioning in Cnidaria.
The findings suggest that even simple nervous systems can support associative learning based on visual input.