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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Pulmonary Circulation01:19

Overview of Pulmonary Circulation

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The pulmonary circulation is a vital system in our body that acts as a bridge between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It serves as a transport network for deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
The process begins with the right ventricle of the heart pumping deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary trunk. This large vessel extends about 5 centimeters before splitting into the left and right pulmonary arteries. These arteries...
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Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation01:15

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The systemic and pulmonary circuits are crucial components of the circulatory system, working together to transport blood between the heart, lungs, and the rest of the body. The process begins with pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and arteries. Upon reaching the lungs, the blood becomes oxygenated and returns to the heart, specifically to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins.
The oxygenated blood is sent...
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Gross Anatomy of the Lungs01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Anatomy of the Circulatory System02:03

Anatomy of the Circulatory System

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The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs.
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Anatomy of Blood Vessels01:20

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

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The vascular system, an integral part of the circulatory system, comprises various blood vessels that play crucial roles in maintaining the body's homeostasis. These blood vessels form a complex and efficient circulatory network. The three primary categories of blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Arteries
Arteries circulate oxygenated blood from the heart, except the pulmonary artery, which transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Large arteries, such as the aorta,...
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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Angiogenesis in the Ischemic Rat Lung
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The Pulmonary Vasculature.

Susan R Hopkins1, Michael K Stickland2

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|October 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The pulmonary circulation manages blood flow for gas exchange. Its resistance adjusts to oxygen levels, diverting blood during local hypoxia but increasing pressure during global hypoxia.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • The pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure system essential for gas exchange.
  • Pulmonary blood flow distribution is influenced by vascular structure, gravity, and local control mechanisms.

Approach:

  • This review examines the physiological regulation of pulmonary blood flow.
  • It highlights the role of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in modulating vascular resistance.

Key Points:

  • Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction constricts arterioles, increasing resistance by up to 250% during local hypoxia.
  • This mechanism diverts blood to better-oxygenated lung areas, optimizing ventilation-perfusion matching.
  • Global hypoxia, however, leads to increased pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary vascular resistance is determined by precapillary and postcapillary resistances.
  • Vascular distensibility and recruitment help moderate pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance.
  • The article reviews pulmonary vasculature physiology and its alterations in common conditions.