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Risk factors for mortality in infancy and childhood in children with major congenital anomalies: A European

Joachim Tan1, Svetlana V Glinianaia2, Judith Rankin2

  • 1Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|October 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth significantly increases mortality risk in children with major congenital anomalies (CAs). Young maternal age and female sex are also identified as risk factors for increased mortality up to age 10.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric mortality research
  • Congenital anomaly epidemiology
  • Public health surveillance

Background:

  • Major congenital anomalies (CAs) are associated with higher mortality risks.
  • The impact of preterm birth and young maternal age on mortality in children with CAs is not well understood.

Approach:

  • Population-based cohort study of 150,198 livebirths (1995-2014) from 13 European CA registries.
  • Cox proportional hazards models and meta-analysis to assess risk factors for mortality up to age 10.
  • Investigated associations of gestational age, maternal age, and child's sex with mortality.

Key Points:

  • Preterm birth showed a dose-response association with mortality, with significantly higher risks at <28, 28-31, and 32-36 weeks gestation.
  • Young maternal age (<20 years) was a risk factor for death in both the first year and 1-9 years of life.
  • Female sex was associated with a higher risk of death between ages 1 and 9 years.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm birth is a major risk factor for infant and childhood mortality in children with CAs.
  • Young maternal age and female sex are additional risk factors.
  • Findings can inform clinical care and parental counseling for CA diagnoses.
Abstract

Keywords:
congenital anomaliesgestational agematernal agemortalityrisk factors

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