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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Complexity Science

Background:

  • The central and autonomic nervous systems are complex dynamic systems that interact to maintain homeostasis.
  • Functional brain-heart interplay (BHI) describes these continuous interactions.
  • It is unclear if BHI itself exhibits complex dynamics or if complexity is limited to individual systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map the complexity of brain-heart interplay (BHI) dynamics.
  • To investigate BHI complexity under mental and physical stress conditions.
  • To determine if BHI exhibits inherent complex behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Collected electroencephalographic and heart rate variability data from 56 healthy individuals.
  • Subjects performed mental arithmetic and cold-pressure tasks.
  • Derived directional BHI series and quantified complexity using fuzzy entropy.

Main Results:

  • BHI complexity is primarily modulated in the efferent direction (brain to heart).
  • This modulation targets vagal oscillations during mental stress.
  • It targets sympathovagal oscillations during physical stress.

Conclusions:

  • Complexity mapping of BHI offers valuable insights into central and autonomic activity dynamics.
  • Understanding BHI complexity enhances knowledge of nervous system interactions.
  • This research may aid in diagnosing and treating related disorders.