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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Hybrid Cross-Linking to Construct Functional Elastomers.

Luzhi Zhang1, Shuo Chen2, Zhengwei You1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|October 11, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hybrid cross-linking creates advanced functional elastomers with tunable properties for diverse applications. This strategy integrates multiple cross-links to overcome limitations of traditional single-network elastomers.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Elastomers are vital in industries like footwear and electronics, with global consumption near 27 million metric tons.
  • Enhancing elastomers with properties like self-healing and conductivity is crucial for emerging fields.
  • Traditional single-network elastomers have limited property modulation and functionality introduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present progress on functional elastomers developed using a hybrid cross-linking strategy.
  • To outline strategies and mechanics for creating hybrid cross-linked elastomers.
  • To explore the design, preparation, properties, and applications of these advanced materials.

Main Methods:

  • Integrating various noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonds, metal-ligand coordination, ionic interactions) and dynamic covalent bonds (disulfide, oxime-urethane, urea).
  • Classifying hybrid cross-linked elastomers by design strategies: multiple cross-linking, topological design, chemical coupling, and multiple networks.
  • Tuning elastomer properties and functionalities by regulating cross-link types, ratios, and distributions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that hybrid cross-linking enables versatile construction of functional elastomers.
  • Established relationships between specific hybrid cross-linked structures and resulting functionalities.
  • Showcased diverse applications in biomedicine, flexible electronics, soft robotics, and 3D printing.

Conclusions:

  • Hybrid cross-linking is a versatile and effective strategy for creating functional elastomers.
  • This approach offers insights into elastomer functionalization and material design.
  • Opens avenues for novel applications in advanced technological fields.