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Measuring response functions of active materials from data.

Mehdi Molaei1,2,3, Steven A Redford2,3,4, Wen-Hung Chou2,3,4

  • 1Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method to analyze active systems by measuring material response functions. This approach extracts more information from experimental data than traditional methods, revealing critical scales in diverse systems.

Keywords:
active matteractive nematicactomyosin contractilitycomplex systems

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Active systems, comprising numerous energy-consuming components, display complex behaviors.
  • Current methods for analyzing active systems often miss crucial information by focusing on scalar values.
  • Extracting characteristic length and time scales is vital for understanding these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for extracting maximal information from experimental data of active systems.
  • To extend the correlation function framework by incorporating internal displacement field headings.
  • To quantify the material response to specific active perturbations within these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new framework extending correlation functions to include internal headings of displacement fields.
  • Constructed material response functions tailored to specific active perturbations.
  • Applied the method to diverse active systems, including active nematics, gels, and living cells.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extracted critical length scales from turbulent flows in active nematics.
  • Anticipated contractility in active gels.
  • Differentiated between viscous and viscoelastic dissipation.
  • Distinguished various modes of contractility in living cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method significantly enhances the analysis of complex active systems.
  • Measuring response functions provides deeper insights into system dynamics than scalar value extraction.
  • This approach offers broad utility across various active matter research areas.