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High-fidelity gates and mid-circuit erasure conversion in an atomic qubit.

Shuo Ma1,2, Genyue Liu1, Pai Peng1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

Nature
|October 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new neutral atom qubit using ytterbium-171 (171Yb). This qubit enables high-fidelity quantum gates and converts errors into detectable erasures for fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Scalable, high-fidelity qubits are crucial for quantum information science.
  • Neutral atom qubits offer a promising platform for quantum computation and simulation.
  • Exploring new atomic species and error correction strategies is vital for advancing quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel neutral atom qubit utilizing the nuclear spin of metastable 171Yb.
  • To achieve high-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates.
  • To implement a mid-circuit error detection mechanism for converting errors into erasures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the nuclear spin of a long-lived metastable state in 171Yb for qubit implementation.
  • Leveraged fast excitation to Rydberg states for gate operations.
  • Performed fast, mid-circuit detection to identify and convert errors into erasures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high fidelities for one-qubit (0.9990(1)) and two-qubit (0.980(1)) gates.
  • Demonstrated that a significant portion of gate errors lead to decay out of the qubit subspace.
  • Converted these errors into detectable erasures with a low induced error probability (<10-5) on remaining qubits.

Conclusions:

  • Metastable 171Yb is a promising platform for neutral atom qubits.
  • The developed error detection mechanism is effective for fault-tolerant quantum computing.
  • This work advances the development of scalable and high-fidelity quantum processors.