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Which trunk muscle parameter is the best predictor for physical function in older adults?
Andreas Stotz1, Joel Mason1, Andreas Groll2
1Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Seidelstraße 20, 07749, Jena, Germany.
Heliyon
|October 12, 2023
Summary
Stronger back extensor muscles are key for older adults' physical function. This study found relative back extension strength best predicts mobility and balance, highlighting its importance for healthy aging.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Biomechanics
- Kinesiology
Background:
- Preliminary evidence suggests trunk muscle strength impacts physical function in older adults.
- The specific trunk muscle parameter that best predicts physical function remains unclear.
- This study investigates whether trunk muscle morphology or strength parameters are superior predictors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the predictive ability of trunk muscle morphology and strength parameters for physical function in older adults.
- To identify the most significant trunk muscle predictor for various physical function tests.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-four older adults (mean age 76.85) underwent assessments of isokinetic trunk strength (flexion/extension), trunk lean mass, and muscle quality.
- Physical function was evaluated using walking speed, sit-to-stand tests, timed up and go, and postural sway.
- Statistical analyses included Pearson's correlations and linear regression, controlling for age and sex.
Main Results:
- Relative back extension strength was the most consistent predictor across most physical function tests (p=0.004-0.04), excluding postural sway.
- Relative trunk flexion strength correlated with normal walking speed (p=0.024).
- Trunk lean mass was associated with timed up and go performance (p=0.024).
Conclusions:
- Relative back extension strength is strongly associated with better physical function in older adults.
- Trunk flexion strength and lean mass play a less significant role compared to back extensor strength.
- These findings underscore the critical importance of trunk muscle strength, particularly back extensors, for maintaining physical function in aging populations.
