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Related Concept Videos

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions03:11

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

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Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
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In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
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Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

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Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
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Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
568
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

10.3K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Monitoring the Reductive and Oxidative Half-Reactions of a Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenase using Stopped-Flow Spectrophotometry
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Does Coherence Affect the Multielectron Oxygen Reduction Reaction?

Anu Gupta1, Anil Kumar1, Deb Kumar Bhowmick1

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The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|October 12, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Efficient electron transfer in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) depends on a "hidden property" related to electron coherence. This coherence is crucial for fuel cell efficiency and is disrupted by scattering, forming hydrogen peroxide.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is vital for energy conversion in fuel cells and biological respiration.
  • Efficient ORR requires the transfer of four electrons to oxygen, a complex process not fully understood.
  • Understanding electron interactions is key to optimizing ORR catalysts and devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of electron interactions governing efficient electron transfer during the ORR.
  • To explore the role of electron coherence and its impact on ORR efficiency.
  • To identify factors that hinder efficient ORR, leading to reduced performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized spin-polarized electrochemical measurements.
  • Employed electrodes coated with varying thicknesses of chiral materials.
  • Developed a theoretical model to explain observed phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Experimental evidence confirmed a specific electron interaction, termed a "hidden property," controls ORR efficiency.
  • Theoretical modeling suggests this property is linked to coherent phase relations between electrons.
  • Disruption of electron coherence via scattering led to hydrogen peroxide formation and decreased ORR efficiency.
  • Reaction efficiency fluctuations correlated with chiral coating thickness, further supporting the role of coherence.

Conclusions:

  • Electron coherence plays a critical role in efficient ORR.
  • The formation of hydrogen peroxide is an indicator of disrupted electron coherence and reduced ORR efficiency.
  • Chiral coatings can influence electron coherence, offering a potential pathway for ORR catalyst design.