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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

539
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
539
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

951
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
951
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

6.7K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.7K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

7.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates
06:10

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates

Published on: May 9, 2025

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Engineered bacteria guide T cells to tumors.

Eric M Bressler1, Wilson W Wong1

  • 1Biomedical Engineering and Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Engineered T cells and bacteria collaborate to target and eliminate tumor cells, offering a novel cancer immunotherapy approach.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Tumor cells evade immune detection.
  • Current cancer therapies have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer T cells and bacteria for synergistic tumor cell destruction.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic modification of T cells.
  • Bacterial engineering for tumor targeting.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated co-localization of engineered T cells and bacteria at tumor sites.
  • Observed significant tumor cell killing in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • This engineered T cell-bacterial system shows promise for cancer treatment.

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  • Further research is warranted for clinical applications.