Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

503
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
503
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

211
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
211
Dementia01:30

Dementia

121
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
121
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

214
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
214

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and venous thromboembolism: an unresolved question for Australian prescribers.

Internal medicine journal·2026
Same author

Cognitive Rehabilitation and Functional Outcomes in Long COVID-Related Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Hippocampal theta sweeps indicate goal direction during navigation.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

Hippocampo-neocortical interaction as compressive retrieval-augmented generation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Spatial encoding of a traumatic virtual reality scene reduces intrusive memories.

Social cognitive and affective neuroscience·2026
Same author

Head direction cells use a head-referenced dual-axis updating rule in 3D space.

Communications biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
08:43

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: August 7, 2017

7.9K

Overestimation in angular path integration precedes Alzheimer's dementia.

Andrea Castegnaro1, Zilong Ji2, Katarzyna Rudzka3

  • 1UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, UK; UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|October 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Path integration, crucial for navigation, is impaired early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study reveals that overestimating turns is a key indicator of this impairment in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Keywords:
cognitive neurosciencecomputational modelingentorhinal cortexgrid cellsmild cognitive impairmentnavigationvirtual reality

More Related Videos

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

32.4K
Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
08:43

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: August 7, 2017

7.9K
The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

32.4K
Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Path integration (PI) is essential for spatial navigation and is known to be affected early in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • PI involves multiple sub-processes, which may be differentially impacted by AD neuropathology.
  • Understanding these sub-processes is critical for early diagnosis and targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel generative linear-angular model of PI (GLAMPI).
  • To characterize the specific sub-processes of PI that are impaired in early Alzheimer's disease.
  • To identify potential behavioral markers for distinguishing between different stages of cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Developed GLAMPI, a generative linear-angular model, to analyze inbound paths during a virtual reality triangle completion task.
  • Fit seven parameters reflecting encoding, calculation, and production errors in PI.
  • Compared PI parameters in younger adults, healthy older adults, and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), including those with (MCI+) and without (MCI-) AD biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • MCI patients exhibited overestimation of outbound angular turns and increased variability in inbound distances and directions compared to healthy older adults.
  • MCI+ patients were best differentiated from MCI- patients by overestimation of outbound turns and more variable inbound directions.
  • GLAMPI successfully identified distinct PI sub-process alterations associated with early AD neuropathology.

Conclusions:

  • Overestimation of turning is a primary contributor to PI deficits observed in early Alzheimer's disease.
  • These findings highlight specific neural pathways and diagnostic behaviors for future research in AD.
  • GLAMPI offers a promising tool for quantifying PI sub-processes and aiding in the early detection of AD.