Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.1K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.7K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.7K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

12.3K
The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
12.3K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

56.4K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.4K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multifaceted roles of PDS5B in RAD51-dependent homology-directed DNA repair and replication fork protection.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Correction: An essential gene screening identifies yeast Mot1 as a suppressor of R-loops and genome instability.

PLoS genetics·2026
Same author

Resolution of R-loops and transcription-replication conflicts by SETX-BRCA1-BARD1 complex.

Nature structural & molecular biology·2026
Same author

Dbf4-dependent kinase finetunes Ino80 function at chromosome replication origins.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

An essential gene screening identifies yeast Mot1 as a suppressor of R-loops and genome instability.

PLoS genetics·2026
Same author

FANCD2 restrains fork progression and prevents fragility at early origins upon re-replication.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

7.8K

DICER ribonuclease removes harmful R-loops.

Lola P Camino1, Arijit Dutta2, Sonia Barroso1

  • 1Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.

Molecular Cell
|October 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

DICER, an RNAse, resolves DNA-RNA hybrids called R-loops, safeguarding genome integrity. A DICER mutant impairs this process, causing R-loop accumulation in cells.

Keywords:
DICERDICER1 syndromeDNA damageR-loopsRNA nucleasegenetic instabilityreplication fork stalling

More Related Videos

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
09:20

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 11, 2022

3.3K
DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation
09:12

DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation

Published on: September 16, 2019

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

7.8K
Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
09:20

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 11, 2022

3.3K
DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation
09:12

DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation

Published on: September 16, 2019

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • R-loops (DNA-RNA hybrids) pose a threat to genome stability.
  • Existing mechanisms to suppress R-loops include RNA biogenesis factors, DNA-RNA helicases, and RNases H.
  • RNases H were previously the only known nucleases to cleave DNA-RNA hybrids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of DICER in resolving R-loops.
  • To determine if DICER possesses nuclease activity against DNA-RNA hybrids.
  • To assess the impact of impaired DICER function on R-loop accumulation in cells.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to analyze DICER's interaction with R-loops.
  • Enzyme activity assays to confirm RNA cleavage within R-loops.
  • Cellular studies using a DICER mutant to observe R-loop levels.

Main Results:

  • DICER was found to resolve R-loops by specifically cleaving the RNA component.
  • A mutant DICER enzyme deficient in R-loop processing led to significant R-loop accumulation in cells.
  • DICER's R-loop resolving function is independent of DROSHA.

Conclusions:

  • DICER functions as an R-loop resolvase, distinct from its known roles in RNA processing.
  • This study reveals a novel mechanism for maintaining genome integrity in higher eukaryotes.
  • Multi-functional RNA processing factors like DICER play a crucial role in genome stability.