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Validation of the Swedish version of the safe environment for every kid (SEEK) parent screening questionnaire

Maria Engström1, Sara Lindqvist2, Staffan Janson3

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. maria.engstrom@kbh.uu.se.

BMC Public Health
|October 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The Swedish Parent Screening Questionnaire (PSQ-S) effectively identifies psychosocial risks in parents, showing high sensitivity for most issues except intimate partner violence (IPV). This tool aids child health services in early detection and support for families.

Area of Science:

  • Child Health
  • Psychosocial Risk Factors
  • Pediatric Primary Care

Background:

  • Psychosocial risk factors in the home can negatively impact child development and increase maltreatment risk.
  • The Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model offers a structured approach for identifying these issues in pediatric settings.
  • The Swedish version of the Parent Screening Questionnaire (SEEK-PSQ-S) was developed to adapt this model for Swedish child health services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the psychometric properties of the adapted Swedish version of the Parent Screening Questionnaire (PSQ-S).
  • To assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the PSQ-S for various psychosocial risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cluster-randomised controlled trial involving parents of children aged 0-18 months in Swedish child health services.
  • Parents (n=611) completed the PSQ-S and standardized instruments for economic worries, depressive symptoms, parental stress, alcohol misuse, and intimate partner violence (IPV).
  • Analysis focused on the psychometric performance of the PSQ-S against established measures.

Main Results:

  • The PSQ-S demonstrated high overall sensitivity (93%) and negative predictive value (87%).
  • Good sensitivity was found for economic worries (80%), depressive symptoms (89%), and parental stress (78%), but lower for IPV (47%).
  • Specificity was highest for IPV and alcohol misuse (91%), while PPV ranged from low to moderate (22-69%).

Conclusions:

  • The PSQ-S shows good psychometric properties for identifying several key psychosocial risk factors in parents.
  • The tool is effective in correctly identifying most parents with or without targeted psychosocial risks.
  • Further attention may be needed to improve IPV detection sensitivity within the PSQ-S.
Abstract

Keywords:
Child healthChild health servicesChild maltreatmentEvidence-based practiceHealth promotionMenPreventionPsychometricsPsychosocial risk factorsValidationWomen

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