Correlation between use of different type protective facemasks and the oral ecosystem

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Microbiology
• Public Health

Background:

• The global spread of SARS-CoV-19 necessitated widespread mask usage.
• Constant mask use may induce changes in the oral cavity's ecological factors.
• Limited research exists on the oral health implications of prolonged mask-wearing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the correlation between continuous mask use and oral cavity ecological changes.
• To assess the impact of wearing an FFP2 mask versus a double mask (FFP2 plus surgical) for three hours.

Main Methods:

• 34 volunteers were divided into two groups: FFP2 mask only (Group A) and FFP2 plus surgical mask (Group B).
• Measurements included Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), saliva rehydration and consistency, basal and stimulated saliva, and mucosal swabs.
• Data were collected before (T0) and after three hours of continuous mask use (T1).

Main Results:

• Group B showed significant increases in basal saliva volume and pH, and VOC peaks between T0 and T1.
• Stimulated saliva volume and pH increased in Group B, though not significantly different between groups.
• Group B exhibited a significant reduction in Candida albicans Colony Forming Units (CFUs) and Total Bacterial Count (TBC) between T0 and T1.

Conclusions:

• Prolonged use of a double mask (FFP2 plus surgical) can induce oral alterations.
• The findings suggest potential shifts in the oral microbiome due to extended mask usage.
• Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects of mask-wearing on oral health.