Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

13.6K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
13.6K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

11.3K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
11.3K
Aging01:26

Aging

60
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
60
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

14.3K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
14.3K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

3.1K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Heat stress reveals bidirectional cross talk between the heat shock response and UPRER in C. elegans.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2026
Same author

Revealing the spatiotemporal dynamics of methionine metabolism with a genetically encoded single-fluorophore biosensor.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Race and Sex Differences in Postoperative Outcomes After Incarcerated and Strangulated Hernia Repair.

The Journal of surgical research·2026
Same author

Semisynthesis of Mycothiazole Analogs having Distinct Bioactivity.

ACS medicinal chemistry letters·2026
Same author

A non-canonical role for UPR<sup>ER</sup> during heat stress in <i>C. elegans</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Economic evaluation of an employee health screening program for Hepatitis C virus in Pakistan.

Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging
08:48

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging

Published on: June 30, 2023

4.0K

Glial-derived mitochondrial signals affect neuronal proteostasis and aging.

Raz Bar-Ziv1, Naibedya Dutta2, Adam Hruby2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Science Advances
|October 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Glial cells activate protective pathways to improve neuron protein health. This signaling cascade, involving vesicles, impacts organismal homeostasis and longevity.

More Related Videos

Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry
08:19

Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry

Published on: May 5, 2022

2.5K
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Multiple Mitochondrial Parameters in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Neural and Glial Derivatives
06:09

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Multiple Mitochondrial Parameters in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Neural and Glial Derivatives

Published on: November 8, 2021

4.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging
08:48

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging

Published on: June 30, 2023

4.0K
Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry
08:19

Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry

Published on: May 5, 2022

2.5K
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Multiple Mitochondrial Parameters in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Neural and Glial Derivatives
06:09

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Multiple Mitochondrial Parameters in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Neural and Glial Derivatives

Published on: November 8, 2021

4.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology
  • Homeostasis

Background:

  • The nervous system maintains homeostasis through cellular stress responses.
  • Neurons can coordinate protective pathways like the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRMT).
  • Nonneuronal cells' roles in these pathways were previously understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of glial cells in UPRMT activation.
  • To understand glial cell contribution to protein homeostasis in the nervous system.
  • To explore glial-neuron signaling mechanisms in response to mitochondrial stress.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the nematode *Caenorhabditis elegans* as a model organism.
  • Focused on astrocyte-like glial cells and their response to mitochondrial stress.
  • Investigated intercellular signaling pathways involving vesicles.

Main Results:

  • UPRMT activation in glial cells alleviates protein aggregation in neurons.
  • Glial cells signal to neurons via small clear vesicles (SCVs).
  • Neurons relay signals to the periphery using dense-core vesicles (DCVs).

Conclusions:

  • Glial cells are crucial for maintaining nervous system protein homeostasis.
  • Glial-neuron communication is vital for organismal homeostasis and longevity.
  • This study reveals a novel glial-mediated pathway impacting neuronal health and organismal well-being.