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Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

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Fiber laser strain sensor based on an optical phase-locked loop.

Wei Jin, Yibo Zhang, Yifan Qin

|October 13, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel fiber laser sensor (FLS) using an optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) technique for high-resolution strain measurement. This advanced sensor achieves picostrain resolution, ideal for geophysical research.

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Sensing
Metrology
Geophysics

Background:

Fiber laser sensors (FLS) are crucial for precise measurements.
Existing interrogation techniques face limitations in strain resolution and noise performance.
Advanced sensing methods are needed for sensitive geophysical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel fiber laser-based sensor (FLS) with enhanced strain resolution.
To introduce a new optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) interrogation technique for FLS demodulation.
To demonstrate the sensor's capability for high-precision strain measurement in geophysical research.

Main Methods:

Utilized a distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser as the master laser for strain sensing.
Employed a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) as a reference for laser carrier locking via PDH technique.
Implemented an optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) technique with a root mean square detector (RMSD) for slave laser locking to the DFB sensing element.

Main Results:

Achieved a high strain resolution of 8.19 pε/√Hz at 1 Hz and 35.5 pε in 10 s.
Observed a 1/f noise distribution below 0.2 Hz, attributed to low pump power and active thermostat control.
Demonstrated the effectiveness of the OPLL interrogation technique for FLS demodulation.

Conclusions:

The novel OPLL interrogation technique significantly enhances strain resolution in FLS.
The developed FLS demonstrates excellent performance for precise strain measurement.
This sensor is a powerful tool with potential applications in geophysical research.