Parameter estimation of the fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process based on quadratic variation

Modern experiments routinely produce extensive data of the diffusive dynamics of tracer particles in a large range of systems. Often, the measured diffusion turns out to deviate from the laws of Brownian motion, i.e., it is anomalous. Considerable effort has been put in conceiving methods to extract the exact parameters underlying the diffusive dynamics. Mostly, this has been done for unconfined motion of the tracer particle. Here, we consider the case when the particle is confined by an external harmonic potential, e.g., in an optical trap. The anomalous particle dynamics is described by the fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, for which we establish new estimators for the parameters. Specifically, by calculating the empirical quadratic variation of a single trajectory, we are able to recover the subordination process governing the particle motion and use it as a basis for the parameter estimation. The statistical properties of the estimators are evaluated from simulations.