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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution01:27

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution

535
The pharmacokinetic journey of drugs from solid oral dosage forms into systemic circulation is multifaceted. It begins with disintegration, a prerequisite ensuring a solid dosage form's subdivision into minute particles. Dissolution occurs next as these granulated entities solubilize in gastrointestinal fluids. This solubilization is crucial for the succeeding stage, permeation, which describes the traversal of the drug across the intestinal membrane and its subsequent entry into the blood...
535
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH

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Drug absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex process influenced by several critical factors, including the site pH, the drug's dissociation constant (pKa), and the drug's lipophilicity. The GI tract exhibits a pH gradient, with an acidic environment in the stomach and a more alkaline environment in the small intestine. This pH variation directly affects the ionization state of drugs.
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles...
1.5K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

211
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
211
Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

33.5K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
33.5K
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters01:22

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters

305
The physicochemical characteristics of drugs play a crucial role in formulating stable and bioavailable drug products. The solubility of a drug, governed by the varying pH along the GI tract and its dissociation constant (pKa), is pivotal in determining its ionization state and absorption rate. Notably, weak acids and bases remain unionized and are absorbed more rapidly.
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...
305
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

866
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
866

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Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from Cannabis Biomass
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Current Challenges and Opportunities for Improved Cannabidiol Solubility.

Khondker Rufaka Hossain1, Amani Alghalayini1,2, Stella M Valenzuela1,2

  • 1School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Cannabidiol (CBD) has low bioavailability, limiting its therapeutic use. Emerging strategies like nanoemulsions and nanocarriers aim to enhance CBD absorption and effectiveness for various medical conditions.

Keywords:
CBDbioavailabilitycannabidiolsolubilitystability

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Cannabis Science

Background:

  • Cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis-derived compound, shows therapeutic promise but suffers from poor oral bioavailability.
  • Low bioavailability restricts the amount of CBD reaching systemic circulation, hindering its clinical efficacy.
  • Enhancing CBD bioavailability is crucial for maximizing its therapeutic potential in diverse medical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of Cannabidiol (CBD) bioavailability challenges.
  • To explore emerging strategies for improving CBD absorption and bioavailability.
  • To discuss novel formulation approaches for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on CBD bioavailability.
  • Analysis of various formulation strategies including nanoemulsions, lipid-based systems, and nanocarriers.
  • Discussion of alternative administration routes for improved CBD delivery.

Main Results:

  • Several advanced formulation techniques show potential for significantly increasing CBD bioavailability.
  • Nanoemulsion-based systems, lipid formulations, and nanocarriers are promising for enhancing CBD absorption.
  • Alternative routes of administration may bypass first-pass metabolism, improving systemic availability.

Conclusions:

  • Improving CBD bioavailability is key to unlocking its full therapeutic benefits.
  • Novel drug delivery systems offer promising solutions to overcome current limitations.
  • Further research into optimized formulations will lead to more effective CBD-based therapies.