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Physical Exercise as Disease-Modifying Alternative against Alzheimer's Disease: A Gut-Muscle-Brain Partnership
Debora Cutuli1,2, Davide Decandia1,2, Giacomo Giacovazzo2,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 14, 2023
Summary
Physical exercise positively impacts the gut microbiota and muscle health, influencing the gut-brain axis to potentially prevent cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. This interaction supports brain health and longevity.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia, involving neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment.
- Physical exercise (PE) is recognized for reducing inflammation and preventing cognitive decline.
- The gut-brain axis, involving the immune system, gut microbiota (GM), and neuroinflammation, is crucial for brain health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the impact of physical exercise on the gut-brain axis, focusing on its role in Alzheimer's disease.
- To investigate the bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and muscle, and its effect on cognition.
- To highlight the potential of exercise-induced factors like irisin in mitigating AD pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on physical exercise, gut microbiota, and neuroinflammation.
- Analysis of the gut-muscle-brain axis interplay.
- Examination of molecular mechanisms, including SCFA production and myokines like irisin.
Main Results:
- Physical exercise beneficially modulates gut microbiota composition and diversity.
- Exercise influences the gut-muscle axis, impacting muscle metabolism and SCFA production.
- Exercise-induced myokines (e.g., irisin) and BDNF promote neuroplasticity and cognitive function.
Conclusions:
- The gut-muscle-brain axis, modulated by physical exercise, offers a promising therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
- Understanding these interconnections can lead to strategies for enhancing brain health, combating cognitive decline, and promoting longevity.
- Physical activity's effects on gut microbiota and muscle health are key to its neuroprotective benefits.
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseBDNFgut–muscle–brain axisirisinmicrobiotaneuropsychiatric symptomsphysical exerciseMore Related Videos
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