Evaluation of the Effect of Antibacterial Peptides on Model Monolayers

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the synthesized antibacterial peptides: P2 (WKWK)₂-KWKWK-NH₂, P4 (C12)₂-KKKK-NH₂, P5 (KWK)₂-KWWW-NH₂, and P6 (KK)₂-KWWW-NH₂ on the physicochemical properties of a model biological membrane made of azolectin or lecithin. The Langmuir Wilhelmy method was used for the experiments. Based on the compressibility factor, it was determined that the monolayers formed of azolectin and peptides in the aqueous subphase are in the condensed liquid phase. At the boundary between the condensed and expanded liquid phases, there was a monolayer made of lecithin and P4, P5 or P6 in the aqueous subphase. In turn, the film consisting of lecithin alone (37.7 mN/m) and lecithin and P2 (42.6 mN/m) in the water subphase was in the expanded liquid phase. All peptides change, to varying degrees, the organization and packing of molecules in the monolayer, both those made of azolectin and of lecithin. The test results can be used for further research to design a system with the expected properties for specific organisms.