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Exploring the Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Discoidin Domain Receptors (DDR1 and DDR2) in Bone Formation,

Arokia Vijaya Anand Mariadoss1, Chau-Zen Wang1,2,3,4,5,6

  • 1Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Discoidin domain receptors (DDR1 and DDR2) regulate bone and cartilage. DDR1 deficiency worsened osteoarthritis and temporomandibular disorders, while DDR1 stimulation improved cartilage and bone regeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Discoidin domain receptors (DDR1 and DDR2) are tyrosine kinase receptors activated by collagen.
  • These receptors are crucial for cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival.
  • DDR1 regulates matrix metalloproteinases involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the advancements in DDR1 and DDR2 regulation in bone and cartilage.
  • To summarize the structural, biological activity, and selectivity of DDR1 and DDR2.
  • To investigate the role of DDR1 and DDR2 in osteoarthritis (OA) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing research on DDR1 and DDR2.
  • Comparative analysis of DDR1 and DDR2 roles in cellular processes.
  • Examination of the impact of DDR1 and DDR2 deficiency and stimulation on bone and cartilage regeneration.

Main Results:

  • DDR1 plays a significant role in cartilage regeneration and bone healing, particularly in OA and TMD contexts.
  • DDR2 is vital for collagen production and cellular activities like proliferation and differentiation in various cell types.
  • DDR1 deficiency was detrimental in OA and TMD models, whereas DDR1 stimulation promoted cartilage and bone regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • DDR1 is a promising therapeutic target for enhancing cartilage and bone regeneration.
  • Understanding the distinct roles and regulation of DDR1 and DDR2 is crucial for developing treatments for skeletal disorders.
  • Further research into the structural and biological activities of DDR1 and DDR2 can lead to improved therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
DDR1DDR2bone regenerationcartilageosteoarthritistyrosine kinase

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