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Appetite Predicts Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Shun Ishibashi1, Kenichi Sakakura1, Tomoya Ikeda1
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma, Omiya, Saitama City 330-8503, Japan.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 14, 2023
Summary
Appetite before discharge is a key indicator for long-term outcomes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Poor appetite predicts a higher risk of major adverse cardiac events, necessitating careful follow-up.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Geriatrics
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Nutritional status is increasingly recognized as a factor influencing patient outcomes, particularly in aging populations.
- Previous research indicates a link between nutritional status and long-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
- Evaluating nutritional status in AMI patients can be complex; appetite may serve as a simpler predictor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between appetite at discharge and long-term adverse cardiovascular events in patients with AMI.
- To determine if appetite can serve as a predictive marker for clinical outcomes following AMI.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study involving 1006 patients diagnosed with AMI.
- Patients were categorized into good appetite (n=860) and poor appetite (n=146) groups based on dietary intake percentage before discharge.
- Major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including all-cause death, non-fatal MI, and heart failure re-admission, were tracked as the primary outcome.
Main Results:
- The study followed 1006 AMI patients for a median of 996 days, recording 243 MACE.
- The poor appetite group experienced significantly higher MACE rates (42.5%) compared to the good appetite group (21.0%, p < 0.001).
- Multivariate analysis revealed that poor appetite was an independent predictor of MACE (Hazard Ratio 1.698, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Appetite level upon discharge is a significant predictor of long-term clinical outcomes in patients recovering from AMI.
- Patients with diminished appetite post-AMI require vigilant monitoring and follow-up care to mitigate risks.
- This finding highlights the importance of assessing appetite as a simple yet effective prognostic tool in AMI management.
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