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[Splanchnic vein thrombosis]

A Riescher-Tuczkiewicz1, L Elkrief2, P-E Rautou3

  • 1Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|October 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Splanchnic vein thrombosis, including Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis, often stems from myeloproliferative neoplasms. Early diagnosis and anticoagulation are crucial for managing these rare conditions and preventing complications like portal hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Hematology

Context:

  • Splanchnic vein thrombosis encompasses Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis, both rare conditions.
  • These thromboses can lead to portal hypertension and its severe complications.
  • Myeloproliferative neoplasms are a primary risk factor for these conditions in the absence of liver disease.

Purpose:

  • To review the causes, diagnosis, and management of splanchnic vein thrombosis.
  • To highlight the importance of a comprehensive workup for thrombosis risk factors.
  • To discuss the role of anticoagulation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patient management.

Summary:

  • Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis share risk factors, notably myeloproliferative neoplasms.
  • Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis patients indicates a poorer prognosis.
  • Long-term anticoagulation is a mainstay treatment, with TIPS as a second-line option.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of the natural history of these rare diseases.
  • Enhanced diagnostic strategies for identifying thrombosis risk factors.
  • Optimized management protocols for splanchnic vein thrombosis, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
AnticoagulantsBudd-Chiari syndromeCirrhoseCirrhosisPortal veinSyndrome de Budd ChiariThrombose veineuseVeine porteVenous thrombosis

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