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The effect of caffeine intake and passive smoking on umbilical cord blood unit's quality parameters

Walid Almashaqbeh1,2, Husam Ardah3, Amal Alasmari4

  • 1Saudi Stem Cell Donor Registry and Cord Blood Bank, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Cell and Tissue Banking
|October 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Caffeine consumption by pregnant women significantly reduces cord blood (CB) stem cell quality and quantity. Passive smoking showed no significant impact on cord blood stem cell metrics.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cord blood (CB) is a crucial source of hematopoietic stem cells for treating hematological disorders.
  • Limitations in CB utilization stem from reduced nucleated cell counts, necessitating strategies for improved donor selection and inventory quality.
  • Understanding factors affecting CB quality is vital for maximizing stem cell harvesting benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of passive smoking and maternal caffeine consumption on cord blood quality.
  • To analyze maternal and neonatal factors influencing cord blood stem cell parameters.
  • To provide data for optimizing cord blood banking strategies and public health awareness.

Main Methods:

  • Cord blood units were collected from mothers at King Abdulaziz Medical City after informed consent.
  • Maternal interviews collected data on demographics, smoking exposure, and caffeine intake, supplemented by chart reviews.
  • Laboratory testing assessed cord blood nucleated cell counts (MNC), lymphocyte levels, and stem cell potency (CFU, BFU-E).

Main Results:

  • Maternal caffeine consumption was associated with a significant reduction in cord blood MNC, including lymphocytes.
  • Caffeine intake also led to decreased stem cell potency, evidenced by lower total CFU and BFU-E counts.
  • Passive smoking exposure did not show a significant impact on the measured cord blood quality parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal caffeine consumption negatively affects cord blood stem cell yield and potency.
  • Passive smoking's effect on cord blood quality in this cohort was not statistically significant.
  • Findings emphasize the need to raise awareness among pregnant women regarding caffeine intake to preserve cord blood stem cell quality.

Keywords:
CFUCaffeineCord bloodSmokingStem cells

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