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Related Concept Videos

Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

4.9K
Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

19
Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
19
Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

70.8K
The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
70.8K
Photosystem I01:27

Photosystem I

62.6K
Although structurally similar to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI) is has a different electron supplier and electron acceptor.
Both these photosystems work in concert. An excited electron from PSII is relayed to PSI via an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, which is comprised of the carrier molecule plastoquinone, the dual-protein cytochrome complex, and plastocyanin. As electrons move between PSII and PSI, they lose energy and must be re-energized...
62.6K
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

1.8K
The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
1.8K

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Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
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Conjugated Molecules Based Multi-Component Artificial Photosynthesis System for Producing Multi-Objective Products.

Chuanwei Zhu1,2, Zhiqiang Gao1,2, Wen Yu1,2

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed liposome-based artificial photosynthetic nanocapsules (PSNC) for efficient solar energy utilization. These nanocapsules integrate multiple catalytic systems to produce oxygen, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and adenosine triphosphate, offering a sustainable energy conversion platform.

Keywords:
artificial photosynthetic systemsbiosynthesischemocatalysisliposomephotocatalysis

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Artificial photosynthesis systems are crucial for addressing global energy scarcity by mimicking natural processes.
  • Efficient solar energy utilization requires integrating diverse catalytic functions within a single system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop liposome-based artificial photosynthetic nanocapsules (PSNC) integrating photocatalytic, chemical catalytic, and biocatalytic systems.
  • To assess the efficiency of PSNC in generating key molecules like oxygen, NADH, and ATP.
  • To demonstrate the capability of PSNC in simulating light-independent reactions for synthesizing valuable products.

Main Methods:

  • A one-pot method was employed to synthesize PSNC encapsulating 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl) cobalt-porphyrin, tridipyridyl-ruthenium nitrate, oligo-pphenyl-ethylene-rhodium complex, and creatine kinase.
  • Comparative analysis of product generation (oxygen, NADH, ATP) between PSNC and simple aqueous mixtures.
  • Demonstration of light-independent reactions within PSNC using regenerated NADH and alcohol dehydrogenase for methanol synthesis.

Main Results:

  • PSNC demonstrated significant enhancements in oxygen (231%), NADH (30%), and ATP (86%) generation compared to conventional methods.
  • The nanocapsules successfully simulated light-independent reactions, enabling controllable synthesis of various products.
  • Methanol synthesis via alcohol dehydrogenase was improved by 37% due to regenerated NADH within PSNC.

Conclusions:

  • Liposome-based PSNC offer a promising and versatile platform for sustainable solar energy conversion.
  • The integrated multi-catalytic system enables simultaneous synthesis of multiple valuable products efficiently.
  • This approach provides an ingenious and straightforward method for advanced artificial photosynthesis applications.