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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

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Pathophysiological concepts and screening of cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients

Gift Echefu1, Ifeoluwa Stowe2, Semenawit Burka3

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.

Frontiers in Nephrology
|October 16, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patients on dialysis face significantly higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks due to kidney function loss and uremic toxins. Understanding these risks is crucial for better prevention and treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Dialysis patients exhibit 10-20 times greater cardiovascular mortality than the general population.
  • Declining renal function leads to uremic toxin accumulation, disrupting cellular function and causing cardiovascular damage.
  • Both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications and mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the cardiovascular impact of advanced chronic kidney disease in dialysis patients.
  • To highlight the influence of predisposing risk factors on cardiovascular health in this population.
  • To underscore the need for better knowledge in CVD prevention and treatment for dialysis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence.
  • Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in dialysis patients.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of uremic toxin effects on the cardiovascular system.

Main Results:

  • Dialysis patients face a disproportionately high burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Uremic toxins and traditional/nontraditional risk factors significantly contribute to cardiovascular damage.
  • Current treatment guidelines often lack specificity for dialysis patients, relying on data from non-dialysis populations.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced chronic kidney disease significantly impacts the cardiovascular system in dialysis patients.
  • Further research and specific guidelines are needed to address the high cardiovascular risk in this population.
  • Improved understanding of risk factors is essential for effective CVD prevention and management in dialysis patients.

Keywords:
beta 2-microglobulinchronic kidney diseasegalectin-3hemodialysisleft ventricular hypertrophysuppression of tumorigenicity-2 (ST2)uremic toxins

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