Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.9K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
23.9K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.4K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.4K
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

3.8K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
3.8K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structural Distortions and Magnetic Ordering in <i>Ae</i><sub>2</sub>FeO<sub>3</sub>Cu<i>Ch</i> (<i>Ae</i> = Ca, Sr; <i>Ch</i> = S, Se) Oxide Chalcogenides.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Charge Ordering and Incommensurate Modulations in the Metamagnetic Layered Manganese Oxysulfide Sr<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3.5</sub>S<sub>3</sub>.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Solving molecular organic crystal structures from powders.

Acta crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry·2025
Same author

A comparative study of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption in a series of zeolites.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Impact of Synthesis Method on the Structure and Function of High Entropy Oxides.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2024
Same author

Nanosheets of a Layered Metal-Organic Framework for Separation of CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> using Mixed Matrix Membranes.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
07:24

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Published on: May 10, 2021

6.1K

A-Site Cation Disorder in SrBa1-Nb2O6 (x = 0.25, 0.33, 0.50, 0.61) Studied by High-Resolution Resonant X-ray Powder

Ola G Grendal1, Andrew N Fitch1, Solveig S Aamlid2

  • 1European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France.

ACS Omega
|October 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Strontium barium niobate (SrxBa1-xNb2O6, SBN) properties are influenced by strontium content and quenching. This study reveals how strontium and barium ion distribution on A-site influences SBN

More Related Videos

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
11:17

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

Published on: February 9, 2017

9.9K
High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

21.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
07:24

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Published on: May 10, 2021

6.1K
Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
11:17

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

Published on: February 9, 2017

9.9K
High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

21.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of SrxBa1-xNb2O6 (SBN) depend on Sr fraction and quenching.
  • A-site cation configuration changes are linked to SBN properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate A-site cation disorder in SBN using high-resolution resonant X-ray powder diffraction.
  • Correlate cation distribution with observed property changes in SBN.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution resonant X-ray powder diffraction.
  • Analysis of A-site cation occupancy and structural phase transitions.

Main Results:

  • Ba2+ exclusively occupies the A2 site; Sr2+ occupies both A1 and A2 sites, increasing on A2 with higher Sr fraction.
  • Sr2+ migration from A1 to A2 observed at elevated temperatures for SBN50 and SBN61.
  • SBN25 exhibits an orthorhombic Cmm2 structure, deviating from the typical tetragonal P4bm.

Conclusions:

  • A-site cation distribution and disorder significantly impact SBN properties.
  • Rationalization of property changes in quenched SBN samples based on cation size and site occupancy.
  • Structural phase transition observed in SBN25 highlights the influence of composition on crystal symmetry.