Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 13, 2025
06:03
Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays
Published on: September 20, 2024
1.3K
Cytokine dysregulation despite immunoglobulin replacement therapy in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
Remo Poto1,2, Antonio Pecoraro1,2,3, Anne Lise Ferrara1,2
1Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Frontiers in Immunology
|October 16, 2023
Summary
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) shows persistent immune dysregulation, with higher cytokine and LPS levels in those with autoimmune disorders. This highlights CVID heterogeneity despite immunoglobulin replacement therapy.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders
Background:
- Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a prevalent primary immunodeficiency.
- Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) manages infections but not underlying immune issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate cytokine profiles and inflammatory markers in CVID patients.
- To differentiate immune dysregulation in CVID with infections versus CVID with autoimmune/inflammatory disorders.
Main Methods:
- Measured serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, LPS, and sCD14.
- Compared levels in infectious CVID (INF-CVID), non-infectious CVID (NIC-CVID), and healthy donors (HD).
Main Results:
- Both INF-CVID and NIC-CVID showed elevated cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) versus HD.
- NIC-CVID had significantly higher cytokine elevations, increased LPS, and elevated sCD14 compared to INF-CVID and HD.
Conclusions:
- CVID exhibits persistent cytokine dysregulation even with IgRT.
- Distinct cytokine profiles confirm immune dysregulation heterogeneity within CVID subgroups.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Immunodeficiency Diseases
959
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
959
01:15Transcytosis of IgG
2.8K
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
2.8K
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
173
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
173
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
951
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
951
01:23Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis
256
Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
256
01:24Cystic Fibrosis: Management
173
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic...
Sinus disease and chronic...
173