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Dietary inflammatory index in relation to severe coronary artery disease in Iranian adults
Zahra Dadaei1,2, Mohammad Bagherniya1, Omid Sadeghi1
1Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Insights
A higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score, indicating a more inflammatory diet, is linked to a greater risk of severe coronary artery disease (CAD). Adopting an anti-inflammatory diet may help reduce the likelihood of developing severe CAD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Public Health Nutrition
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a prevalent condition with significant complications.
- Limited research exists on the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and severe CAD.
- This study investigates the link between DII and the severity of CAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and severe coronary artery disease (CAD).
- To assess the association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 275 adults undergoing elective angiography.
- Severe CAD was quantified using the Gensini scoring system.
- Dietary inflammation was assessed via a 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to calculate DII.
- Serum lipid profiles and quantitative C-reactive protein (q-CRP) were measured.
- Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- Individuals in the highest DII tertile had a significantly higher likelihood of severe CAD (OR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.97-6.98).
- Higher DII scores were also associated with hypercholesterolemia, reduced HDL-cholesterol, and hypertension.
- A direct relationship between DII and elevated q-CRP was observed, though it was not significant after adjusting for confounders.
Conclusions:
- This study demonstrates a direct, linear association between a higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and an increased risk of severe coronary artery disease (CAD).
- Promoting anti-inflammatory dietary patterns is crucial for CAD prevention strategies.
- Community-based nutrition education programs should be implemented to encourage healthier eating habits for CAD prevention.
Background:
Limited findings are available on the relationship between dietary inflammation index (DII) and severe coronary artery disease (CAD). Considering the high prevalence of CAD and its complications, we examined the relationship between DII and CAD.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 275 adults who underwent elective angiography. Severe coronary artery disease was measured by the gensini scoring system. DII was measured by a valid semi-quantitative 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood samples were collected after 12 h of fasting to measure serum lipid profile and quantitative C-reactive protein (q-CRP) levels. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the odds (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results:
People in the last tertile of the DII had a higher chance of suffering from severe coronary artery disease (OR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.97-6.98), hypercholesterolemia (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 5.03-1.48), reduced HDL-cholesterol levels (OR: 3.77; 95% CI: 9.34-1.52), and hypertension (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 3.49-1.06) compared to people in the first tertile. After adjusting for confounding factors, the relationship remained significant. A direct and significant relationship was observed between the DII and increased q-CRP levels, which disappeared after adjusting for confounding factors in the adjusted model (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 0.86-4.73).
Conclusion:
This cross-sectional study showed a direct and linear relationship between following an anti-inflammatory diet and decreasing the chance of severe CAD. Therefore, it seems necessary to implement community-based educational programs to promote healthy nutrition in order to prevent CADs.
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