Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

242
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
242
Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

10.2K
In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
10.2K
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

4.4K
Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
4.4K
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

194
The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
194
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal01:26

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

1.1K
Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinicopathological Characteristics of Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A Retrospective Case Series from Pakistan.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Pilot Study: Reimagining Facial Tumor Resection by Introducing the Tau Incision in Head and Neck Surgery.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026
Same author

Unusual presentation of fungal infective endocarditis as the first manifestation of HIV in a child with a structurally normal heart.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery·2026
Same author

Evaluation of Mineral Content in Preterm Human Milk and Infant Formulas in Qatar: Assessing Compliance With Dietary Recommendations and Label Accuracy.

Food science & nutrition·2025
Same author

Health Related Quality of Life Assessment in Children with Epilepsy Aged 3-11 at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi.

Journal of child neurology·2025
Same author

Crossing the Boundaries of Conflict: Analyzing Epidemiology & Outcomes of Afghan Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients at a Pakistani Cancer Hospital.

Head & neck·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

19.1K

Determination of Normal Anal Position Using the Anal Position Index in Pakistani Neonates.

Areej Salim1, Muhammad Awais Kanwal2, Zainab Haji3

  • 1Pediatrics Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK.

Cureus
|October 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The Anal Position Index (API) aids in diagnosing anterior displacement of the anus (ADA) in newborns. This congenital condition is linked to constipation and can be identified early using the API measurement.

Keywords:
adaanal position indexanterior displacement of anusapinormal anal positionpakistani neonatespediatric surgery

More Related Videos

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

86.0K
Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

9.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

19.1K
Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

86.0K
Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

9.9K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Neonatology
  • Congenital Abnormalities

Background:

  • Anterior displacement of the anus (ADA) is a common congenital anorectal abnormality.
  • ADA is frequently associated with constipation in infants and children.
  • Diagnosis typically involves physical examination and measurement of the Anal Position Index (API) at birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of the Anal Position Index (API) in identifying anterior displacement of the anus (ADA) in neonates.
  • To establish normative API values for male and female newborns.
  • To explore correlations between API and neonatal factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 204 neonates presenting with ADA was conducted.
  • Measurements included scroto-anal, scroto-coccygeal, fourchette-anal, and fourchette-coccygeal distances.
  • Data were collected prospectively using a structured proforma.

Main Results:

  • The mean API was 0.36 ± 0.07 in males and 0.24 ± 0.06 in females.
  • A statistically significant correlation was found between API and gestational age, birth weight, and paternal age.
  • These findings highlight the API's potential as an early diagnostic marker.

Conclusions:

  • The Anal Position Index (API) is a valuable tool for detecting anterior displacement of the anus (ADA) in neonates.
  • Early identification of ADA facilitates timely management of associated functional issues like constipation.
  • API assessment supports prompt intervention for improved long-term outcomes.