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End-Organ Damage in Hypertension: An Insight on a Differentiated Outpatient Consultation

Rui Flores1, Joana Lopes2, Sofia Caridade2

  • 1Cardiology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.

Cureus
|October 16, 2023
PubMed

Insights

A study found that nearly a quarter of hypertensive patients had end-organ damage, most commonly kidney disease. This highlights the ongoing need to manage arterial hypertension effectively to prevent severe complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Arterial hypertension is a major global health concern, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the prevalence of end-organ damage is crucial for effective hypertension management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of end-organ damage in patients with hypertension attending outpatient consultations.
  • To identify common causes of secondary arterial hypertension and the types of end-organ damage observed.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 73 patients was recruited from a tertiary hospital outpatient clinic.
  • Data collected included demographics, blood pressure, hypertension etiology, medication, and evidence of target organ damage.
  • The study period was from July 2022 to March 2023.

Main Results:

  • Nearly a quarter (23.2%) of hypertensive patients had end-organ damage, with kidney disease being the most prevalent (13.7%).
  • Secondary arterial hypertension was present in 19.2% of patients, with obstructive sleep apnea being the most common cause.
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists were the most frequently prescribed medications.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial hypertension remains a critical factor in disease and death, underscoring the importance of recognizing its long-term effects.
  • Continued vigilance and proactive management are necessary to mitigate the impact of hypertension-related end-organ damage.
Abstract

Keywords:
hypertensionobstructive sleep apneapublic health and safetyrenal hypertensionrenovascular hypertension

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