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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

978
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
978
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.0K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

991
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
991
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

661
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
661
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.0K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.0K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

1.4K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
1.4K

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Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
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Triggering single-molecule qubit spin dynamics via non-Abelian geometric phase effects.

Kieran Hymas1, Alessandro Soncini2

  • 1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. kieran.hymas@csiro.au.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|October 16, 2023
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Summary

Macroscopic rotations control spin dynamics in molecular nanomagnets, enabling fast quantum gates and quantum gyroscopes. This method also prepares specific quantum states in integer spin nanomagnets for advanced sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics and materials science
  • Molecular nanomagnets
  • Quantum information processing

Background:

  • Controlling spin dynamics in molecular nanomagnets is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Existing methods often face limitations due to slow operational speeds or decoherence.
  • Understanding the non-Abelian geometric propagator is key to novel control techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate macroscopic rotations for controlling spin dynamics in molecular nanomagnets.
  • To explore the application of this control for realizing single-qubit quantum gates.
  • To investigate the potential of molecular nanomagnets as quantum sensors and for preparing specific quantum states.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the non-Abelian character of the time-evolution operator via macroscopic rotations.
  • Applying non-adiabatic macroscopic rotations to control spin dynamics in integer spin nanomagnets.
  • Explicitly modeling CoCl2(tu)4 and TbPc2 single-molecule/ion magnets.

Main Results:

  • Macroscopic rotations can trigger and control spin dynamics in both Kramers and non-Kramers molecular nanomagnets.
  • Single-qubit quantum gates demonstrated on CoCl2(tu)4 with gate operations as fast as 10 ps.
  • CoCl2(tu)4 proposed as a quantum gyroscope; TbPc2 can be prepared in maximal angular momentum states.

Conclusions:

  • Macroscopic rotations offer a powerful, fast, and versatile method for controlling quantum states in molecular nanomagnets.
  • This approach enables practical applications in quantum computing (gates) and quantum sensing (gyroscopes).
  • The findings pave the way for novel experimental protocols in molecular spintronics and quantum information science.