Selenium and Vitamin E for Prevention of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Recurrence and Progression: A Randomized...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nutritional Science
• Clinical Trials

Background:

• Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence and progression pose significant clinical challenges.
• Selenium and vitamin E have been investigated for their potential chemopreventive roles in NMIBC.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of selenium and/or vitamin E in preventing disease recurrence in patients newly diagnosed with NMIBC.
• To assess the impact of selenium and vitamin E on disease progression and overall survival.

Main Methods:

• A multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2x2 factorial randomized clinical trial.
• 270 patients with newly diagnosed NMIBC were randomized to receive oral selenium, vitamin E, both, or placebo.
• Follow-up focused on recurrence-free interval (RFI), progression-free interval, and overall survival.

Main Results:

• Selenium supplementation showed no significant effect on RFI (HR, 0.92; P=.65).
• Vitamin E supplementation was associated with a statistically significant increase in recurrence risk (HR, 1.46; P=.04).
• Neither supplement impacted progression-free interval or overall survival.

Conclusions:

• Selenium is not effective in reducing NMIBC recurrence.
• Vitamin E supplementation may be detrimental, increasing recurrence risk in NMIBC patients.
• Further investigation into the biological mechanisms underlying vitamin E's effect is warranted.