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Early-Life Temperamental Differences as Longitudinal Predictors of Unintentional Injuries

Albert J Ksinan1, Andrea Dalecká1, Lubomír Kukla1

  • 1RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Czech Republic.

Journal of Pediatric Psychology
|October 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Early childhood temperament influences injury risk. Highly active, outgoing children face a higher likelihood of unintentional injuries throughout adolescence, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Child development
  • Injury prevention
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • Unintentional injuries are a primary cause of child hospitalization and death.
  • Research has focused less on individual characteristics like temperament compared to environmental factors in injury risk.
  • Understanding early temperament's role is crucial for developing effective injury prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal impact of early-life temperament on the cumulative number of injuries in children until mid-adolescence.
  • To identify specific temperamental profiles associated with varying injury risks.
  • To inform targeted injury prevention efforts by linking temperament to risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC-CZ) with 3,545 children.
  • Assessed temperament at age 3 and tracked pediatrician-reported injuries from age 3 to 15.
  • Employed Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify temperament classes and a mixture model for injury risk analysis, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Identified three temperament classes: shy (8.1%), outgoing (50.8%), and average (41.1%).
  • The 'outgoing' temperament class demonstrated the highest longitudinal risk for injuries.
  • Both 'average' (IRR=0.89) and 'shy' (IRR=0.80) temperament classes showed a lower risk of injury compared to the outgoing group.

Conclusions:

  • Early childhood temperament significantly influences long-term injury risk.
  • Children with outgoing temperaments, characterized by high activity and low shyness, are at a greater risk of sustaining injuries.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering individual temperamental traits in child injury prevention programs.
Abstract

Keywords:
injurylatent profile analysislongitudinalpersonalitypreventiontemperament

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