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Chronic periodontitis and risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases among older Koreans

Kyeung-Ae Jang1, Yu-Rin Kim1, Kwangmin Joo2

  • 1Department of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Busan, Korea.

Gerodontology
|October 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Severe chronic periodontitis increases cerebro-cardiovascular disease risk in older adults. This study found a higher risk of stroke and heart attack in those with severe gum disease compared to mild cases.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiology
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Limited observational data exists on chronic periodontitis and cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in older adults.
  • Investigating this association is crucial for public health in aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between the severity of chronic periodontitis and the risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in older adults.
  • To determine if severe chronic periodontitis poses a greater risk than mild chronic periodontitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective follow-up study using the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort Database.
  • Included 46,737 older adults, categorized into mild (21,905) and severe (24,832) chronic periodontitis groups.
  • Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling analyzed risks of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and myocardial infarction.

Main Results:

  • A total of 3,453 cerebro-cardiovascular events occurred over a mean 6.1-year follow-up.
  • Disease-free survival was significantly lower in the severe chronic periodontitis group (log-rank P < .001).
  • Severe chronic periodontitis was associated with a 1.16-fold increased risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.25), particularly ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction.

Conclusions:

  • The severity of chronic periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in older adults.
  • Findings suggest that managing periodontitis severity may be important for cardiovascular health in the elderly.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasecerebrovascular diseasechronic periodontitisolder adultsoral health

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