Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

44.4K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
44.4K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

9.3K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
9.3K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

8.6K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Randomized trial comparing 5-year follow-up of first-line infliximab to conventional therapy in paediatric Crohn's disease.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·2026
Same author

Comparison of techniques for the evaluation of taste sensitivity.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Olfactory bulb volume changes following olfactory training in normosmic individuals.

Rhinology·2026
Same author

Early-onset colorectal cancer incidence in Norway: a national registry-based study (1993-2022) analyzing subsite and morphology trends.

ESMO gastrointestinal oncology·2026
Same author

Peppermint Oil and Sweets in Pediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Abdominal Pain: A Randomized Trial.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·2026
Same author

The APOLLO trial: a proof-of-concept study for vitamin A nasal drops in COVID-19-related postinfectious olfactory dysfunction.

Chemical senses·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing
05:54

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing

Published on: January 28, 2021

4.7K

Olfactory training in normosmic individuals: a randomised controlled trial.

I T Heian1, W M Thorstensen2, T A Myklebust3

  • 1Institute of Neuromedicine and Movement Science (INB), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molde Sjukehus, Helse More Romsdal, Molde, Norway; Department of Research and Innovation, Helse More and Romsdal, Norway.

Rhinology
|October 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Olfactory training (OT) showed limited effects on olfactory function in individuals with normal sense of smell. Shorter training sessions appear to improve compliance, with no proven benefit of extended olfactory training.

More Related Videos

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
04:47

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants

Published on: September 18, 2018

6.6K
An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice
09:33

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Published on: March 22, 2018

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing
05:54

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing

Published on: January 28, 2021

4.7K
Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
04:47

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants

Published on: September 18, 2018

6.6K
An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice
09:33

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Published on: March 22, 2018

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Olfactory training (OT) is established for olfactory dysfunction.
  • Its effect on individuals with normosmia (normal sense of smell) is uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of OT with varying exposure lengths on olfactory function in normosmic individuals.
  • To compare standard OT (40 seconds) versus extended OT (4 minutes) daily for three months.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 200 normosmic participants.
  • Intervention groups performed OT with four odors twice daily for three months.
  • Olfactory function assessed using the Sniffin Sticks test at baseline, post-intervention, and one-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • No significant improvements in olfactory function were observed in either OT group post-intervention or at follow-up.
  • No correlation found between baseline factors (sex, age, allergies, education) and changes in olfactory function.
  • The extended OT group reported significantly fewer training sessions, indicating lower compliance.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory training has a limited impact on olfactory function in individuals with normosmia.
  • Extended OT duration does not offer superior benefits over standard OT.
  • Shorter training durations may enhance adherence to olfactory training programs.