The Orthodontic Mini-Implants Failures Based on Patient Outcomes: Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics
• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Orthodontic anchorage is crucial for treatment success, with mini-implants serving as a common device.
• While effective, mini-implants can fail, potentially compromising orthodontic outcomes.
• Understanding factors contributing to mini-implant failure is essential for improving treatment predictability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and identify factors influencing orthodontic mini-implant failure.
• To categorize these factors into patient-related, implant-related, and operator-related causes.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect (Jan 2015-2023).
• Selection based on PRISMA and PEOS frameworks, including retrospective, prospective, in vivo, and RCT studies.
• Data extraction and analysis categorized into patient, implant, and operator factors.

Main Results:

• Patient-related factors contributed six etiological factors to mini-implant failure.
• Implant-related factors accounted for eight etiological factors.
• Only one operator-related factor was identified as a cause of failure; poor oral hygiene and bone quality were significant.
• Peri-implant inflammation due to poor oral hygiene strongly influences failure rates.

Conclusions:

• Mini-implant failure is multifactorial, with no single dominant cause.
• Patient-related factors, particularly oral hygiene and bone quality, significantly impact implant stability.
• Thorough pre-insertion diagnostics and patient education on oral hygiene are critical for successful orthodontic mini-implant treatment.