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Updated: Jul 13, 2025

Rapid Verification of Terminators Using the pGR-Blue Plasmid and Golden Gate Assembly
Published on: April 25, 2016
Plant Promoters and Terminators for High-Precision Bioengineering
Emily G Brooks1, Estefania Elorriaga1, Yang Liu2,3
1Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Abstract:
High-precision bioengineering and synthetic biology require fine-tuning gene expression at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Gene transcription is tightly regulated by promoters and terminators. Promoters determine the timing, tissues and cells, and levels of the expression of genes. Terminators mediate transcription termination of genes and affect mRNA levels posttranscriptionally, e.g., the 3'-end processing, stability, translation efficiency, and nuclear to cytoplasmic export of mRNAs. The promoter and terminator combination affects gene expression. In the present article, we review the function and features of plant core promoters, proximal and distal promoters, and terminators, and their effects on and benchmarking strategies for regulating gene expression.
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