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Changes in Kidney Function Among Malaysian Adolescents and Its Determinants.
Fathhullah Azmie Nawawi1,2, Wan Ahmad Hafiz Wan Md Adnan3, Maslinor Ismail1
1Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Kidney International Reports
|October 18, 2023
Summary
Adolescent kidney function declines over time, with decreased kidney function prevalence rising significantly. Early detection and prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors in youth are crucial for long-term health.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent health
- Nephrology
- Public health
Background:
- Adolescent health and wellbeing, particularly regarding chronic kidney disease (CKD), are often overlooked.
- Early detection of kidney dysfunction in adolescents is critical for timely intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate changes in kidney function among adolescents.
- To analyze the longitudinal relationship between noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors and kidney function in adolescents.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study (Malaysian Health and Adolescents Longitudinal Research Team - MyHeART) involving 607 adolescents (aged 13-17).
- Kidney function assessed via estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated using Schwartz's equation at three time points (2012, 2014, 2016).
- Generalized estimating equation (GEE) used to analyze longitudinal associations between eGFR and NCD risk factors.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of decreased eGFR (60-89 ml/min/1.73 m²) increased from 6.1% (2012) to 40.2% (2016).
- Adolescent eGFR showed a longitudinal decline, particularly during early to mid-adolescence.
- Lower eGFR was associated with male sex, rural residence, morbid obesity, and potentially protein consumption.
Conclusions:
- Kidney function changes are detectable in adolescence and linked to multiple NCD risk factors.
- Comprehensive prevention strategies are needed to address adolescent CKD and related health issues.
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